The edge ideal of a graph G is the ideal generated by the minimal nonfaces of the independence complex of G.
i1 : G = graph({{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {3, 4}},EntryMode=>"edges");
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i2 : edgeIdeal G
o2 = monomialIdeal (x x , x x , x x , x x )
1 2 1 3 2 3 3 4
o2 : MonomialIdeal of QQ[x ..x ]
1 4
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The object edgeIdeal is a method function.